在医学的浩瀚宇宙中，器官病理学与中医思维如同两颗璀璨的星辰，各自照亮着人类探索健康的征途病理性脱发 。器官病理学，作为现代医学的基石，以其精准的解剖和微观分析，为疾病的诊断和治疗提供了坚实的科学依据。而中医思维，则以其独特的整体观和辨证施治，展现了对人体复杂性的深刻理解和掌控。两者看似截然不同，实则相辅相成，共同构成了人类医学知识的宝库。
我们坚决反对将器官形态的解剖作为评价中医价值的唯一标准病理性脱发 。中医的价值，不仅仅体现在对器官形态的描述上，更在于其对人体生理、病理状态的全面把握和动态调整。然而，这并不意味着我们可以忽视器官病理学在临床诊治中的重要作用。事实上，无论是肺炎、龋齿还是头痛、发热，这些疾病的诊断和治疗，都离不开对器官病理变化的深入了解和分析。器官病理学为我们提供了疾病发生的客观依据，是临床医学不可或缺的基础。
人，作为一个具有极大缓冲能力的开放系统，其各器官组织间存在着种种复杂而密切的关系病理性脱发 。这种复杂性，既为疾病的治疗提供了多种可能，也对医学的精准性提出了更高要求。现代医学虽然对各种感染的病原微生物有了相当明确的了解，但在疾病的早期进行病因诊断，仍然面临着巨大的挑战。急迫的病情往往不允许医生等到病原微生物完全确定后才进行治疗，因此，临床医学在很多时候只能凭经验推测。而对于其他慢性复杂病情，能够精确测定内外因素的更是寥寥无几。这更加凸显了器官病理学在中西医临床医学中的基本着眼点地位。
然而，临床上过分依赖器官病理的现象也时有发生病理性脱发 。许多患者虽然主诉明显，但“客观”检查却无阳性所见，被判为“没病”或称为亚健康状态。这种认识论上的偏差，源于对“实证”的过分重视和对症状的轻视。他们认为，只有形态学的“本质”才可靠，而现象则最不可靠。然而，当病人自觉痛苦的时候，体内一定发生了某些理化性质的变化。检查不出来，只能说明我们的检测还不够细致，而微观世界的复杂性是难于用简单的方法阐明的。
现代医学的检测数据，虽然在一定程度上为疾病的诊断和治疗提供了参考，但其精确性和全面性仍然有待提高病理性脱发 。许多检测数据只是一个大致的参考范围，并不具有绝对的确定性。它们更多地是指导西医使用化学药物的工具，而不一定适用于指导中药的应用。我们不可神化其科学性，更不可盲目依赖其结论。
临床上，我们经常见到许多老年病人，因为患有多种慢性病，而分别就诊于不同的专家门诊之间病理性脱发 。一天之中使用的化学药物一大把，已经是专家难于说清相互之间的作用结果，普通人更难于自行掌握和准确记忆。这种过度医疗的现象，不仅浪费了医疗资源，也给患者带来了不必要的身体和经济负担。而中药的成分虽然复杂，但在中医的综合考虑下，却可以用很简便的方法执简驭繁。中医以十分简洁的语言，就可以标本相和，达到预想的治疗效果。
同分异构在有机化学中是非常多见的现象病理性脱发 。生命也存在着“左旋现象”，如左旋多巴、左旋合霉素、左旋咪唑才具有治疗作用，而右旋的则没有生物活性。这说明了物质的结构和排列方式对其性质和功能有着决定性的影响。同一个磁盘，可以录入不同的内容，可以反复使用，其作用的巨大差别仅仅是磁粉的不同排列造成的。其间并没有特异物质的产生，但却产生了截然不同的效果。这进一步证明了我们对物质世界的复杂性必须有足够的认识。
在探索人体复杂性的过程中，器官病理学与中医思维各自发挥着不可替代的作用病理性脱发 。器官病理学以其精准的解剖和微观分析，为我们揭示了疾病的客观依据；而中医思维则以其独特的整体观和辨证施治，为我们提供了治疗疾病的另一种可能。两者相互补充，相互促进，共同构成了人类医学知识的完整体系。
我们应该认识到，无论是器官病理学还是中医思维，都不是万能的病理性脱发 。它们都有其局限性和不足之处。因此，在临床上，我们应该根据患者的具体情况，综合运用各种医学知识和技术，为患者提供最佳的治疗方案。同时，我们也应该保持对医学知识的敬畏之心，不断探索和学习新的医学理念和技术，为人类的健康事业贡献自己的力量。
参考文献:《中医是善于改变微观的医学》作者：曹东义,《中医药通报》杂志，2005年第5期病理性脱发 。
作者简介：梁世杰 中医高年资主治医师，本科学历，从事中医临床工作24年，积累了较丰富的临床经验病理性脱发 。师从首都医科大学附属北京中医院肝病科主任医师、著名老中医陈勇，侍诊多载，深得器重，尽得真传！擅用“商汤经方分类疗法”、专病专方结合“焦树德学术思想”“关幼波十纲辨证”学术思想治疗疑难杂症为特色。现任北京树德堂中医研究院研究员，北京中医药薪火传承新3+3工程—焦树德门人（陈勇）传承工作站研究员，国际易联易学与养生专委会常务理事，中国中医药研究促进会焦树德学术传承专业委员会委员，中国药文化研究会中医药慢病防治分会首批癌症领域入库专家。荣获2020年中国中医药研究促进会仲景医学分会举办的第八届医圣仲景南阳论坛“经方名医”荣誉称号。2023年首届京津冀“扁鹊杯”燕赵医学研究主题征文优秀奖获得者。事迹入选《当代科学家》杂志、《中华英才》杂志。
Cao Dongyi: Organ Pathology and TCM Thinking - Exploring the Double Path of Human Complexity
In the vast universe of medicine, organ pathology and traditional Chinese medicine are like two bright stars, each illuminating the human quest for health. Organ pathology, as the cornerstone of modern medicine, provides a solid scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases with its precise anatomy and microscopic analysis. TCM thinking, with its unique holistic view and dialectical treatment, demonstrates a deep understanding and mastery of the complexity of the human body. While the two may seem very different, they complement each other and together constitute a treasure trove of human medical knowledge.
We are firmly opposed to the use of the anatomy of organ form as the sole criterion for evaluating the value of traditional Chinese medicine. The value of TCM is not only in the description of organ morphology, but also in its comprehensive grasp and dynamic adjustment of human physiology and pathological states. However, this does not mean that we can ignore the important role of organ pathology in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In fact, whether it is pneumonia, dental decay or headaches and fever, the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases are inseparable from an in-depth understanding and analysis of the pathological changes of the organs. Organ pathology provides us with an objective basis for the occurrence of disease and is an indispensable foundation of clinical medicine.
The human body, as an open system with a great buffering capacity, has complex and close relationships among its organs and tissues. This complexity not only provides multiple possibilities for the treatment of diseases, but also puts higher demands on the precision of medicine. Modern medicine, while having a fairly clear understanding of the pathogenic microorganisms of various infections, still faces great challenges in diagnosing the cause at an early stage of the disease. Urgent conditions often do not allow doctors to wait until the pathogenic microorganism is fully identified before treating them, so in many cases clinical medicine can only speculate on the basis of experience. For other chronic complex conditions, few are able to accurately determine the internal and external factors. This further highlights the fundamental position of organ pathology in Chinese and Western clinical medicine.
However, clinical overdependence on organ pathology also occurs. Although many sufferers complain obviously, but "objective" the examination actually does not have the positive result, is judged as "does not have the disease" or is called the sub-state of health. This epistemological bias stems from an overemphasis on "empirical evidence" and a disregard for symptoms. They believe that only the "essence" of morphology is reliable, and that phenomena are the least reliable. However, when the patient is conscious of pain, certain physiological and chemical properties must have changed in the body. The failure to examine only means that our tests are not sufficiently detailed, and the complexity of the micro-world is difficult to explain in simple terms.
Detection data in modern medicine, although to a certain extent provides reference for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, its accuracy and comprehensiveness still need to be improved. Many detection data are only a rough reference range and do not have absolute certainty. They are more of a tool for guiding Western medicine in the use of chemical drugs and are not necessarily suitable for guiding the application of Chinese medicine. We must not divine its scientificity, nor must we blindly rely on its conclusions.
Clinically, we often see many elderly patients who are referred to different specialist clinics because they have multiple chronic diseases. There are so many chemicals used in a day that experts are already struggling to explain the effects of each other, and the average person is even more difficult to master and accurately remember. This phenomenon of excessive medical care not only wastes medical resources, but also imposes unnecessary physical and financial burdens on patients. Although the composition of traditional Chinese medicine is complex, under the comprehensive consideration of traditional medicine, it can be used in a simple way to reduce complexity. In a very concise language, traditional Chinese medicine can reconcile specimens and achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
Isomerization is a very common phenomenon in organic chemistry. Life also has a "left-handed phenomenon," such as left-handed dopa, left-handedness methotrexate, and left-handedly midazole, which have therapeutic effects, while right-handed ones have no biological activity. This shows that the structure and arrangement of a substance has a decisive influence on its properties and function. The same disk can record different contents and can be used repeatedly, and the great differences in their effects are simply due to the different arrangements of magnetic powders. No specific substances were produced during this period, but they produced very different effects. This is further proof that we must be sufficiently aware of the complexity of the physical world.
In the process of exploring the complexity of the human body, organ pathology and traditional Chinese medicine thinking each play an irreplaceable role. Organ pathology, with its precise anatomy and microscopic analysis, reveals us the objective basis of disease. Traditional Chinese medicine, with its unique holistic view and dialectical treatment, provides us with another possibility for treating diseases. Both complement and promote each other, which together constitute the complete system of human medical knowledge.
We should recognize that neither organ pathology nor traditional Chinese medicine is a panacea. They all have their limitations and shortcomings. Therefore, in clinical settings, we should apply a variety of medical knowledge and technologies to provide the best treatment for the patient according to the specific conditions of the patient. At the same time, we should maintain the awe of medical knowledge, constantly explore and learn new medical concepts and technologies, and contribute our own strength to the cause of human health.
References: Traditional Chinese Medicine is Good at Transforming the Microsphere. Author: Cao Dongyi, Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine, No. 5, 2005.
Author Bio: Liang Shijie is a senior medical practitioner in traditional Chinese medicine with an undergraduate degree. He has been engaged in traditional medicine clinical work for 24 years and has accumulated a wealth of clinical experience. Following Chen Yong, chief physician of liver disease at Beijing Traditional Medicine Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, and renowned old Chinese medicine, he has been treated for many years and received great attention. He specializes in the treatment of difficult diseases using "conversational traditional therapy" and special treatments combined with the academic ideas of Jiao Shude and Guan Yubo's ten-level diagnosis.He is currently a researcher at the Shude Tang TCM Research Institute in Beijing, a fellow at the new 3 + 3 project of traditional Chinese medicine flame inheritance in Beijing - a scholar at the inheritance workstation of Jiao Shude's protégés (Chen Yong),He is a standing committee member of the International Expert Committee on E-learning and Health Care, a member of the Jiao Shude Academic Heritage Special Committee of the Chinese Association for the Advancement of Chinese Medicine Research, and the first cancer specialist to be included in the chapter of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Culture Research Association. Won the 2020 China Association for the Promotion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongjing Medical Branch held the eighth session of the Medical Saint Zhongjing Nanyang Forum "Classic Prescription Famous Doctor" honorary title. The winner of the first Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei "Pingui Cup" Yanzhao Medical Research Essay Award in 2023. His work was featured in the journal Current Scientist and the journal Chinese Talent.